Introduction to Egyptian Civilisation

 introduction to
Egyptian civilization  

learning video as you can see in the 

images today we're going to talk about pyramids mummies and Pharaohs today we're going to travel to ancient Egypt Egypt is a country that still exists today situated in northeastern Africa but what we call Asian Egypt is a civilization that started more than 5,000 years ago and lasted for approximately 3,000 years its origins commences with pharaoh nama also known as a scorpion king who in 3200 bc funded this country at the Niles Bank the River Nile is the largest river in Africa and was the most important existing thing for Egyptians since they depended on its waters to survive the whole civilization and cities raised

from the bank of the river, the Nile was so

important because Egypt is a country 

surrounded by desert and the cultivations could only take place at its shores but it wasn't only used for agriculture the the river was also used to fish and hunt they also used it as a great road to transport goods or large stone blocks used for their constructions all of this was why the Nile was considered to be a God actually ancient Egyptians had hundreds of gods some had a human's body then an animal's head like a goddess Bastet who had a lion's head or god Anubis and his jackal head but the most important of all was rough god of a son who had a Falcons head the fairies were Asian Egypt's kings there were many pharaohs over 3,000 years but the most famous one was Tutankhamun ancient Egyptians believed in life after death and therefore they were buried with their belongings furniture father's clothes and even food they believed that this way these things could be used in the next life cuz fairies had the greatest power they wanted to have the best tunes and they got them these tremendous pyramids were built for fairies tombs inside them there are many tunnels chambers and secret passageways when they died fairies and some nobleman's bodies were mummified to preserve their bodies after death these are the famous mummies were placed in a sarcophagus luxurious coffins that would be covered in beautiful drawings and hieroglyphics hieroglyphics were the mysterious Egyptian writings their meaning was a mystery for thousands of years but thanks archaeologists, we can translate them and partly understand what they want to say 

the truth is everything in ancient Egypt circle fascinates me you already know that discovering the past makes us understand the present and improve the future given by friends and don't forget

there are very few places on the face of 

this planet that fascinate us because of their sheer presence or existence one such incredible enigma seen on the world map is the country of Egypt and even more incredible is the history of its civilization Egypt is a large country located in the eastern part of the Sahara Desert in North Africa the valley of the Nile is a narrow strip of fertile land stretching throughout the length of the country 600 miles from north to south this vast country is bordered by deserts on the east west as well as south the Mediterranean Sea lies to the north of Egypt the deserts provided natural protection against foreign invaders and the early Egyptian settlers enjoyed many years of freedom from attack during which they could build a society of their own the River Nile was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt every year the river with unfailing predictability overflowed and deposited rich black soil along each Bank this enabled farmers to raise two to three harvests each year the Nile also provided water for irrigation and served as ancient Egypt's main transportation route in 440 BC the Greek historian Herodotus called Egypt the gift of the Nile an expression that people use till date the growth of the ancient Egyptian civilization was sparked by the religious belief that the survival of the preserved dead body was a guarantee of life beyond death it inspired the ancient Egyptians to build magnificent temples tombs and monuments historians usually divide the history of ancient Egypt into three categories the Old Kingdom 

2686 to 2200 BC the Middle Kingdom 2200 to 1800 BC and the New Kingdom 1600 to 1100 BC however the earliest known settlers in ancient Egypt Warrenville ages established over 5000 years ago by 3400 BC the villagers became a part of two main kingdoms in Egypt Lower Egypt in the Nile Valley Delta and Upper Egypt these two kingdoms were united in 3100 BC when King Menace of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt and founded the national capital of Memphis the ways of menace a two feet high palette dates back to 3100 BC and is perhaps the earliest record of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing it depicts the struggles of King Menace to conquer Lower Egypt where he is clubbing an enemy King Menace also established the first Egyptian dynasty which followed a series of rulers in the same family the reigning king was supposed to be the incarnation of the falcon-headed sky god Horus and hence divine the Egyptian civilization thus began in 3100 BC during the rule of dynasty 1 and dynasty - the first national government was established the ox driven plough was invented and a system of writing called hieroglyphics different from the Sumerian cuneiform developed hieroglyphic means sacred carving it is called so because at first the written language was only used for religious work the hieroglyphic system uses pictorial signs to represent ideas and sounds each sign represents an object or an Associated idea or a word with a similar sound the Egyptians also discovered a writing surface much superior to the clay tablets of Mesopotamia called papyrus is the origin of the English word paper and the paper is plant is a River read the pit of the papyrus plant was cut into strips of equal length and placed side by side these were covered in cloth and pounded with heavy stones or mallets into smooth sheets the papyrus was then polished to give a smooth flat surface on which scribes wrote an ink black ink was made by mixing soot and water and the colored ink from special colored powder the Egyptians made Scrolls of their pepper s writing however these scrolls were not as convenient to read as books there were many different ways of writing hieroglyphs , for instance, they could be written from top to bottom left to right or right to left if an animal faced right you read from right to left and if it faced left you to read from left to right